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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Setos</span></span>
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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the town of ancient Cilicia, see <a href="Setos_(Cilicia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Setos (Cilicia)">Setos (Cilicia)</a>.</div>
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</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Setos<br><i>setokõsõq</i><br><i>setukesed</i><br></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the Seto People</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Seto woman during Radaja Seto Festival</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">12,800</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Setomaa" title="Setomaa">Setomaa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Estonia</th><td class="infobox-data">12,500</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Russia</th><td class="infobox-data">234 (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Seto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Seto language">Seto</a>, <a href="Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>, <a href="Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a>, Native Faith</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Other <a href="Baltic_Finns" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic Finns">Baltic Finns</a><br>Especially <a href="Estonians" title="Estonians">Estonians</a>, <a href="Livonians" title="Livonians">Livonians</a>, <a href="V%C3%B5ros" title="Võros">Võros</a>, and <a href="Votians" class="mw-redirect" title="Votians">Votians</a> </td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Setos</b> (<a href="Seto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Seto language">Seto</a>: <i lang="et">setokõsõq</i>, <span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">setoq</i></span>, <a href="Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>: <i lang="et">setukesed</i>, <span title="Estonian-language text"><i lang="et">setud</i></span>) are an indigenous <a href="Balto-Finnic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Balto-Finnic peoples">Finnic</a> people and linguistic minority that have historically lived in the borderlands between modern day <a href="Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> and <a href="Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. Setos have historically spoken the Seto language and been <a href="Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox Christians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="Seto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Seto language">Seto language</a> (like <a href="Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a> and <a href="Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>) belongs to the <a href="Finnic_languages" title="Finnic languages">Finnic</a> group of the <a href="Uralic_languages" title="Uralic languages">Uralic language</a> family. Since the early 2000s, the Setos have sought greater recognition, rather than having their language considered a dialect of Estonian. Eastern Orthodox Christianity, with influences from local <a href="Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">folk religions</a> is widely practiced by the Seto peoples.
</p><p>The ancestral homes of many Setos can be found to the south of <a href="Lake_Peipus" title="Lake Peipus">Lake Peipus</a>, in the <a href="Setomaa" title="Setomaa">Setomaa</a> region. After 1991 however, this territory was divided between the newly independent <a href="Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> (<a href="P%C3%B5lva_County" title="Põlva County">Põlva</a> and <a href="V%C3%B5rumaa" title="Võrumaa">Võro</a> counties) and the north-western sections of the <a href="Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a> (<a href="Pechorsky_District" title="Pechorsky District">Pechorsky District</a> of <a href="Pskov_Oblast" title="Pskov Oblast">Pskov Oblast</a>).
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ethnic_history">Ethnic history</h2></div>


<p>The definitive origin of the Seto people is unknown to researchers, only that they first emerged in Setomaa around the <a href="Piusa_(river)" title="Piusa (river)">Piusa River</a>. This was an area that was an intersection between the <a href="Baltic_Finnic_peoples" title="Baltic Finnic peoples">Finnic</a> peoples and the <a href="Balts" title="Balts">Balts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>During the 13th century, the majority of Estonians along the coasts were converted to <a href="Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> during the <a href="Livonian_Crusade" title="Livonian Crusade">Livonian Crusade</a> led by the <a href="Teutonic_Order" title="Teutonic Order">Teutonic Order</a>. During this time, the majority of Setos lived under the <a href="Novgorod_Republic" title="Novgorod Republic">Novgorod Republic</a> and remained followers of their native <a href="Baltic_Finnic_paganism" title="Baltic Finnic paganism">Finnic religion</a>. Over the next two hundred years, the Setos were converted to <a href="Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox Christianity</a> due to the influence from the neighboring Slavic states, but incorporated elements of their earlier pre-Christian religion. An early prevailing belief of the origin of the Seto community was that they were ethnic Estonians who had migrated east and adopted Orthodox Christianity under the influence of the <a href="Novgorod_Republic" title="Novgorod Republic">Novgorod Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The cultural development of the Setos blossomed in the early 20th century when many national societies were organized. In 1905, the number of Setos reached its peak. After the proclamation of independence of Estonia, the authorities adopted a policy of Estonification of its population, which eventually led to decline of the Setos as a distinctive community within Estonia. In Russia, due to the influence of Estonian language schools, high rates of inter-community marriages, and emigration to Estonia, the number of self-identifying Setos decreased as well.
</p><p>Setos are an officially protected ethnic minority in the Russian <a href="Pskov_Oblast" title="Pskov Oblast">Pskov Oblast</a>, and a linguistic minority within Estonia. In 2002, at the sixth Seto Congress the Setos declared their intent to identify as a separate people group. In a 2011 census, it was discovered that nearly two-thirds of the nearly 12,500 Seto speaking population in Estonia lived outside the historically Seto regions.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This resulted in two distinct communities of Setos to emerge according to research conducted by Pille Runnel, the first being the Seto who had migrated away from Setomaa and had to recreate a communal and religious identity. The second group being the Seto people who continued to live in older communities in Setomaa.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_border_issue">The border issue</h2></div>
<p>In 1920, with the <a href="Treaty_of_Tartu_(Russian%E2%80%93Estonian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Estonian)">peace treaty of Tartu</a>, the area Setomaa (Setoland) was ceded to the newly created <a href="Republic_of_Estonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Estonia">Republic of Estonia</a> and it was included into <a href="Petseri_County" title="Petseri County">Petseri County</a>. As a result of <a href="World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the Republic of Estonia was forcibly annexed by the <a href="Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. And on August 15, 1944, the border between the <a href="Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic</a> and the <a href="Russian_Soviet_Federated_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic">Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic</a> was revised by Moscow authorities to what it is now. The issue became topical as the Republic of Estonia was restored in the borders of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, and a national border was established soon afterwards.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seto_leelo">Seto <span title="Võro-language text"><i lang="vro">leelo</i></span></h2></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Seto_leelo" title="Seto leelo">Seto leelo</a></div>
<p>In 2009, the Setos' <a href="Polyphonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyphonic">polyphonic</a> style of folk singing, called <span title="Võro-language text"><i lang="vro">leelo</i></span>, was added to the <a href="UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> list of <a href="Intangible_cultural_heritage" title="Intangible cultural heritage">intangible cultural heritage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Leelo_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leelo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seto <span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">leelo</i></span> is usually performed by women,<sup id="cite_ref-Leelo_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leelo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dressed in traditional clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Connor_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Connor-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the Seto Kingdom Day celebration, the winning lead singer of a <span title="Võro-language text"><i lang="vro">leelo</i></span> group is awarded the title Mother of Song.<sup id="cite_ref-Leelo_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leelo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Representative_organizations">Representative organizations</h2></div>
<p>The Seto Congress, a body comprising representatives of Seto villages and organizations, is regularly convened every three years and elects a permanent Council of Elders.
</p><p>The Society for Seto Congress was a member of the <a href="European_Bureau_for_Lesser-Used_Languages" title="European Bureau for Lesser-Used Languages">European Bureau for Lesser-Used Languages</a>. The Setomaa federation of municipalities in Estonia<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">Setomaa Valdade Liit</i></span>, comprising the communes of <a href="Mikitam%C3%A4e_Parish" title="Mikitamäe Parish">Mikitämäe</a>, <a href="V%C3%A4rska_Parish" title="Värska Parish">Värska</a>, <a href="Merem%C3%A4e_Parish" title="Meremäe Parish">Meremäe</a> and <a href="Misso_Parish" title="Misso Parish">Misso</a>) publishes the newspaper <i>Setomaa</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> partly in the <a href="Seto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Seto language">Seto language</a>, partly in <a href="Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>.
</p><p>Also, every year, the Seto choose a steward of King Peko (<span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">sootska</i></span> or <span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">ülebtsootska</i></span>) for the so-called Kingdom of Setomaa at the annual celebration of the Day of the Kingdom (<span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">Seto Kuningriigi päiv</i></span>), a local festival that rotates among the bigger Seto villages.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The office is largely ceremonial and has been held by local activists, politicians, entrepreneurs and scholars. The tradition was initiated by Paul Hagu, an ethnic Seto and a researcher of Seto folk songs and traditional vocal polyphony (<span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">leelo</i></span>) at the <a href="University_of_Tartu" title="University of Tartu">University of Tartu</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2></div>
<p>The <a href="Pskov-Caves_Monastery" title="Pskov-Caves Monastery">Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery</a> in <a href="Pechory" title="Pechory">Petseri</a> has been an important religious and communal center for the Seto peoples. Since medieval times the monastery has owned much of the land and the Seto Churches in the region leading many Seto peasants to view the monastery as the economic and theological center of their community.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In 1920 with the independence of the Republic of Estonia from <a href="Soviet-Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet-Russia">Soviet Russia</a>, the border was drawn to include the monastery on the Estonia side. This prevented it from being desecrated or demolished by the Soviet forces during the <a href="USSR_anti-religious_campaign_(1921%E2%80%931928)" title="USSR anti-religious campaign (1921–1928)">anti-religious campaign</a> from 1921-1928. Following the occupation by the German and Soviet forces from 1940-1991, the restoration of Estonian independence led the border to be moved, dividing the ancestral Seto lands and placing the monastery on side of the Russian Federation.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>With the revival of Seto culture following the fall of the Soviet Union, elements of the pre-Christian religion that were preserved in private during the periods of <a href="Christianization" title="Christianization">Christianization</a> and <a href="Sovietization" title="Sovietization">Sovietization</a> began to reemerge. Since 2007, Jumalamägi, God's Hill, an ancient sacred grove that was dedicated to the God-King <a href="Peko" title="Peko">Peko</a>, who would carry spirits to the afterlife in his horse wagon, has again become a center of communal activity. Recently, a sculpture by local sculptor R. Veeber was erected on the hill and has become an important location for offers to Peko by the local community.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetics">Genetics</h2></div>
<p>Based on 56 samples, the most common <a href="Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup" title="Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup">mtDNA haplogroup</a> for Setos is <a href="Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogroup H (mtDNA)">H</a>, as 42.9 percent of them belong to it. 33.9 percent of Setos have the haplogroup <a href="Haplogroup_U" title="Haplogroup U">U</a>, and its most frequently found subclade is <a href="Haplogroup_U#Haplogroup_U5" title="Haplogroup U">U5</a>. Less common mtDNA haplogroups include <a href="Haplogroup_J_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogroup J (mtDNA)">J</a>, <a href="Haplogroup_T_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogroup T (mtDNA)">T</a> and <a href="Haplogroup_V_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogroup V (mtDNA)">V</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Seto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Seto language">Seto language</a></li>
<li><a href="V%C3%B5ro_language" title="Võro language">Võro language</a></li>
<li><a href="Karelians" title="Karelians">Karelians</a></li>
<li><a href="Skolts" title="Skolts">Skolt Sámi</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul">"Росстат — Всероссийская перепись населения 2020"</a>. <i>rosstat.gov.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-03</span></span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kalkun, A., Kupari, H., &amp; Vuola, E. (2018). <i>Coping with Loss of Homeland through Orthodox Christian Processions: Contemporary Practices among Setos, Karelians, and Skolt Sámi in Estonia and Finland</i>. <i>Practical matters</i>, <i>11</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://practicalmattersjournal.org/2018/06/11/coping-with-loss-of-homeland-2/">http://practicalmattersjournal.org/2018/06/11/coping-with-loss-of-homeland-2/</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Laur, Kadri. <i>Identity and Heritage on a Changing Border: The Estonian Seto Case.</i> 2022. Uppsala University Campus Gotland, Master’s Thesis in Conservation. <i>DiVA</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1670368&amp;dswid=-6689">https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1670368&amp;dswid=-6689</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Leelo-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leelo_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leelo_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leelo_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&amp;pg=00011&amp;RL=00173">"Seto Leelo, Seto polyphonic singing tradition"</a>. UNESCO<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-O'Connor-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-O'Connor_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKevin_O'Connor2006" class="citation book cs1">Kevin O'Connor (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8Dl2i1Fkd_cC&amp;pg=PA178"><i>Culture And Customs of the Baltic States</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.&nbsp;178. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<bdi>978-0-313-33125-1</bdi><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setomaa.ee/">"Setomaa"</a>. <i>www.setomaa.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-18</span></span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061211220115/http://www.setomaa.ee/index.php?id=98f13708210194c475687be6106a3b84">"Setomaa Valdade Liit"</a>. 2006-12-11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setomaa.ee/index.php?id=98f13708210194c475687be6106a3b84">the original</a> on 2006-12-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-18</span></span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/07/in_pictures_the_seto_people/html/7.stm">BBC News, <i>In Pictures: The Seto People</i></a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visitsetomaa.ee/en/attractions/63/god%27s-hill">"God's Hill | Setomaa Attractions | Visit Setomaa"</a>. <i>visitsetomaa.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-03</span></span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLappalainenLaitinenSalmelaAndersen2008" class="citation journal cs1">Lappalainen, T.; Laitinen, V.; Salmela, E.; Andersen, P.; Huoponen, K.; Savontaus, M.-L.; Lahermo, P. (2008). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-1809.2007.00429.x">"Migration Waves to the Baltic Sea Region"</a></span>. <i>Annals of Human Genetics</i>. <b>72</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">337–</span>348. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1469-1809.2007.00429.x">10.1111/j.1469-1809.2007.00429.x</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-4800">0003-4800</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18294359">18294359</a>.</cite></span>
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</ol></div></div>
<ul><li>Eichenbaum, K.; Pajusalu, K. (2001): Setode ja võrokeste keelehoiakutest ja identiteedist. - Keel ja Kirjandus nr 7, lk. 483-489.</li>
<li>Eller, K. (1999): <i>Võro-Seto language</i>. Võro Instituut. Võro.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>
<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFSalveSarv1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Salve, Kristi; Sarv, Vaike (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digar.ee/id/nlib-digar:615238"><i>Setu lauludega muinasjutud</i></a> (in Estonian). Keele ja Kirjanduse Instituut. pp.&nbsp;198–200 (analysis of the Seto folktale corpus).</cite></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/07/in_pictures_the_seto_people/html/1.stm">Photo essay by BBC News</a> - "In pictures: The Seto people, a border people"</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitestonia.com/en/holiday-destinations/cultural-treasures/setomaa">"Seto Culture in Setumaa" on visitestonia.com</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161112144853/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/10/setomaa-culture-estonia-russia-photographs/">Picture Stories on National Geographic - A Fairytale Kingdom Faces Real-Life Troubles</a> by Jérémie Jung and Eve Conant</li></ul>
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</style><div id="Estonia_articles574" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>&nbsp;<a href="Index_of_Estonia-related_articles" title="Index of Estonia-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="History_of_Estonia" title="History of Estonia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_Estonian_history" title="Timeline of Estonian history">Timeline</a>
<ul><li><a href="List_of_wars_involving_Estonia" title="List of wars involving Estonia">list of wars</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Ancient_Estonia" title="Ancient Estonia">Ancient Estonia</a></li>
<li><a href="Livonian_Crusade" title="Livonian Crusade">Livonian Crusade</a></li>
<li><a href="Duchy_of_Estonia_(1219%E2%80%931346)" title="Duchy of Estonia (1219–1346)">Danish Estonia</a></li>
<li><a href="Terra_Mariana" title="Terra Mariana">German Bishoprics</a></li>
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<li><a href="Estonia_under_Swedish_rule" title="Estonia under Swedish rule">Swedish Estonia</a></li>
<li><a href="Great_Northern_War" title="Great Northern War">Great Northern War</a></li>
<li><a href="Governorate_of_Estonia" title="Governorate of Estonia">Russian Estonia</a></li>
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<li><a href="Estonian_national_awakening" title="Estonian national awakening">Age of Awakening</a></li>
<li><a href="German_occupation_of_Estonia_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of Estonia during World War I">German occupation</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Estonian Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_War_of_Independence" title="Estonian War of Independence">War of Independence</a>
<ul><li><a href="Battle_of_C%C4%93sis_(1919)" title="Battle of Cēsis (1919)">Battle of Võnnu</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="History_of_Estonia_(1920%E2%80%931939)" title="History of Estonia (1920–1939)">Interwar period</a></li>
<li><a href="Era_of_Silence" title="Era of Silence">Era of Silence</a></li>
<li><a href="Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states" title="Occupation of the Baltic states">Occupation of Estonia</a>
<ul><li><a href="Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian SSR</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Estonia_in_World_War_II" title="Estonia in World War II">World War II</a></li>
<li><a href="Guerrilla_war_in_the_Baltic_states" title="Guerrilla war in the Baltic states">Guerrilla war</a>
<ul><li><a href="Ants_Kaljurand" title="Ants Kaljurand">Ants Kaljurand</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_partisans" title="Estonian partisans">Estonian partisans</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Soviet_deportations_from_Estonia" title="Soviet deportations from Estonia">Deportations</a></li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="Estonian_government-in-exile" title="Estonian government-in-exile">Government-in-exile</a></li>
<li><a href="Singing_Revolution" title="Singing Revolution">Singing Revolution</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_Sovereignty_Declaration" title="Estonian Sovereignty Declaration">Declaration of sovereignty</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_Restoration_of_Independence" title="Estonian Restoration of Independence">Restoration of independence</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Geography_of_Estonia" title="Geography of Estonia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Climate_of_Estonia" title="Climate of Estonia">Climate</a></li>
<li><a href="Extreme_points_of_Estonia" title="Extreme points of Estonia">Extreme points</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_mammals_of_Estonia" title="List of mammals of Estonia">Fauna</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_islands_of_Estonia" title="List of islands of Estonia">Islands</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_lakes_of_Estonia" title="List of lakes of Estonia">Lakes</a></li>
<li><a href="Populated_places_in_Estonia" title="Populated places in Estonia">Populated places</a></li>
<li><a href="Protected_areas_of_Estonia" title="Protected areas of Estonia">Protected areas</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_rivers_of_Estonia" title="List of rivers of Estonia">Rivers</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Estonia" title="List of cities and towns in Estonia">Towns</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Politics_of_Estonia" title="Politics of Estonia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Counties_of_Estonia" title="Counties of Estonia">Administrative divisions</a></li>
<li><a href="Constitution_of_Estonia" title="Constitution of Estonia">Constitution</a></li>
<li><a href="Elections_in_Estonia" title="Elections in Estonia">Elections</a></li>
<li><a href="Foreign_relations_of_Estonia" title="Foreign relations of Estonia">Foreign relations</a></li>
<li><a href="Government_of_Estonia" title="Government of Estonia">Government</a></li>
<li><a href="Human_rights_in_Estonia" title="Human rights in Estonia">Human rights</a>
<ul><li><a href="LGBT_rights_in_Estonia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Estonia">LGBT</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Law_of_Estonia" title="Law of Estonia">Law</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_Police" title="Estonian Police">Law enforcement</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_Defence_Forces" title="Estonian Defence Forces">Military</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_political_parties_in_Estonia" title="List of political parties in Estonia">Political parties</a></li>
<li><a href="President_of_Estonia" title="President of Estonia">President</a></li>
<li><a href="Prime_Minister_of_Estonia" title="Prime Minister of Estonia">Prime Minister</a></li>
<li><a href="Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu"><i>Riigikogu</i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(parliament)</span></a></li>
<li><a href="Supreme_Court_of_Estonia" title="Supreme Court of Estonia">Supreme Court</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Agriculture_in_Estonia" title="Agriculture in Estonia">Agriculture</a></li>
<li><a href="Bank_of_Estonia" title="Bank of Estonia">Central bank</a></li>
<li><a href="E-Residency_of_Estonia" title="E-Residency of Estonia">e-Residency</a></li>
<li><a href="Energy_in_Estonia" title="Energy in Estonia">Energy</a></li>
<li><a href="Oil_shale_in_Estonia" title="Oil shale in Estonia">Oil shale</a></li>
<li><a href="Nasdaq_Tallinn" title="Nasdaq Tallinn">Stock exchange</a></li>
<li><a href="Taxation_in_Estonia" title="Taxation in Estonia">Taxation</a></li>
<li><a href="Telecommunications_in_Estonia" title="Telecommunications in Estonia">Telecommunications</a></li>
<li><a href="Tourism_in_Estonia" title="Tourism in Estonia">Tourism</a></li>
<li><a href="Transport_in_Estonia" title="Transport in Estonia">Transport</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Crime_in_Estonia" title="Crime in Estonia">Crime</a></li>
<li><a href="Demographics_of_Estonia" title="Demographics of Estonia">Demographics</a></li>
<li><a href="Education_in_Estonia" title="Education in Estonia">Education</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonians" title="Estonians">Estonians</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian language</a></li>
<li>Ethnic groups</li>
<li><a href="Healthcare_in_Estonia" title="Healthcare in Estonia">Healthcare</a></li>
<li><a href="Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Religion</a></li>
<li><a href="Women_in_Estonia" title="Women in Estonia">Women</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="Culture_of_Estonia" title="Culture of Estonia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Mu_isamaa%2C_mu_%C3%B5nn_ja_r%C3%B5%C3%B5m" title="Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm">Anthem</a></li>
<li><a href="Architecture_of_Estonia" title="Architecture of Estonia">Architecture</a></li>
<li><a href="Beer_in_Estonia" title="Beer in Estonia">Beer</a></li>
<li><a href="Cinema_of_Estonia" title="Cinema of Estonia">Cinema</a></li>
<li><a href="Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia" title="Coat of arms of Estonia">Coat of arms</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_cuisine" title="Estonian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li>
<li>Estonian names</li>
<li><a href="List_of_Estonian_flags" title="List of Estonian flags">Flags</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_folklore" title="Estonian folklore">Folklore</a></li>
<li><a href="Internet_in_Estonia" title="Internet in Estonia">Internet</a></li>
<li><a href="Languages_of_Estonia" title="Languages of Estonia">Languages</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_literature" title="Estonian literature">Literature</a>
<ul><li><a href="ABD_ehk_Luggemise-Ramat_Lastele" title="ABD ehk Luggemise-Ramat Lastele"><i>ABD</i></a></li>
<li><a href="Kalevipoeg" title="Kalevipoeg"><i>Kalevipoeg</i></a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Mass_media_in_Estonia" title="Mass media in Estonia">Media</a></li>
<li><a href="Music_of_Estonia" title="Music of Estonia">Music</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_mythology" title="Estonian mythology">Mythology</a></li>
<li><a href="Name_of_Estonia" title="Name of Estonia">Name</a></li>
<li><a href="National_symbols_of_Estonia" title="National symbols of Estonia">Symbols</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_newspapers_in_Estonia" title="List of newspapers in Estonia">Newspapers</a></li>
<li><a href="Public_holidays_in_Estonia" title="Public holidays in Estonia">Public holidays</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_radio_stations_in_Estonia" title="List of radio stations in Estonia">Radio</a></li>
<li><a href="Sport_in_Estonia" title="Sport in Estonia">Sport</a></li>
<li><a href="Television_in_Estonia" title="Television in Estonia">Television</a></li>
<li><a href="Theatre_of_Estonia" title="Theatre of Estonia">Theatre</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="Outline_of_Estonia" title="Outline of Estonia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="Index_of_Estonia-related_articles" title="Index of Estonia-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div>
<ul><li>Category</li>
<li><a href="Portal%3AEstonia" title="Portal:Estonia">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Peoples_speaking_Uralic_languages183" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Peoples_speaking_Uralic_languages183" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Peoples speaking <a href="Uralic_languages" title="Uralic languages">Uralic languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Baltic_Finnic_peoples" title="Baltic Finnic peoples">Baltic Finns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="Bjarmians" class="mw-redirect" title="Bjarmians">Bjarmians</a></i> †</li>
<li><a href="Estonians" title="Estonians">Estonians</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="V%C3%B5ros" title="Võros">Võros</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Finns" title="Finns">Finns</a>
<ul><li><a href="Forest_Finns" title="Forest Finns">Forest Finns</a></li>
<li><a href="Ingrian_Finns" title="Ingrian Finns">Ingrian Finns</a></li>
<li><a href="Kven_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Kven people">Kvens</a></li>
<li><a href="Tornedalians" title="Tornedalians">Tornedalians</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Izhorians" title="Izhorians">Izhorians</a></li>
<li><a href="Karelians" title="Karelians">Karelians</a>
<ul><li><a href="Tver_Karelians" title="Tver Karelians">Tver Karelians</a></li></ul></li>
<li><i><a href="Livonians" title="Livonians">Livonians</a></i> †</li>
<li><a href="Vepsians" class="mw-redirect" title="Vepsians">Vepsians</a></li>
<li><a href="Votians" class="mw-redirect" title="Votians">Votes</a>
<ul><li><i><a href="Kreevins" title="Kreevins">Kreevins</a></i> †</li></ul></li>
<li><i><a href="Chud" title="Chud">Chuds</a></i> †
<ul><li><i><a href="Volkhov_Chudes" title="Volkhov Chudes">Volkhov Chudes</a></i> †</li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="S%C3%A1mi_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Sámi peoples">Sámi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Inari_S%C3%A1mi_people" title="Inari Sámi people">Inari Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Kildin_S%C3%A1mi" title="Kildin Sámi">Kildin Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Lule_S%C3%A1mi" class="mw-redirect" title="Lule Sámi">Lule Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Northern_S%C3%A1mi" title="Northern Sámi">Northern Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Pite_S%C3%A1mi" class="mw-redirect" title="Pite Sámi">Pite Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Skolts" title="Skolts">Skolt Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Southern_S%C3%A1mi" title="Southern Sámi">Southern Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Ter_S%C3%A1mi" title="Ter Sámi">Ter Sámi</a></li>
<li><a href="Ume_S%C3%A1mi" title="Ume Sámi">Ume Sámi</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Volga_Finns" title="Volga Finns">Volga Finns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Mari_people" title="Mari people">Mari</a>
<ul><li><a href="Meadow_Mari_people" title="Meadow Mari people">Meadow</a></li>
<li><a href="Hill_Mari_people" title="Hill Mari people">Hill</a></li>
<li><a href="Eastern_Mari_people" title="Eastern Mari people">Eastern</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Mordvins" title="Mordvins">Mordvins</a>
<ul><li><a href="Erzyas" title="Erzyas">Erzyas</a>
<ul><li><a href="Shoksha" title="Shoksha">Shoksha</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Mokshas" title="Mokshas">Mokshas</a></li></ul></li>
<li><i><a href="Meryans" title="Meryans">Meryans</a></i> †</li>
<li><i><a href="Meshchera" class="mw-redirect" title="Meshchera">Meshchera</a></i> †</li>
<li><i><a href="Muromians" class="mw-redirect" title="Muromians">Muroma</a></i> †</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Permians" title="Permians">Permians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Komi_peoples" title="Komi peoples">Komi</a>
<ul><li><a href="Izhma_Komi" title="Izhma Komi">Izhma Komi</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Udmurts" title="Udmurts">Udmurts</a>
<ul><li><a href="Besermyan" title="Besermyan">Besermans</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Ob-Ugrians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ob-Ugrians">Ob-Ugrians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Khanty" title="Khanty">Khanty</a></li>
<li><a href="Mansi_people" title="Mansi people">Mansi</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Cs%C3%A1ng%C3%B3s" title="Csángós">Csángós</a></li>
<li><a href="Sz%C3%A9kelys" title="Székelys">Székelys</a></li>
<li><a href="Magyarabs" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyarabs">Magyarabs</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Samoyedic_peoples" title="Samoyedic peoples">Samoyeds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Nenets_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Nenets people">Nenets</a></li>
<li><a href="Enets_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Enets people">Enets</a></li>
<li><a href="Nganasan_people" title="Nganasan people">Nganasans</a></li>
<li><a href="Selkup_people" title="Selkup people">Selkups</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Kamasins" title="Kamasins">Kamasins</a></i> †</li>
<li><i><a href="Yurats" class="mw-redirect" title="Yurats">Yurats</a></i> †</li>
<li><i>Mators</i> †</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Russia226" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Russia226" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Ethnic_groups_in_Russia" title="Ethnic groups in Russia">Ethnic groups in Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_larger_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia" title="List of larger indigenous peoples of Russia">Titular<br>nationalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a>
<ul><li><a href="Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a>
<ul><li><a href="Amur-Ussuri_Cossacks" title="Amur-Ussuri Cossacks">Amur-Ussuri Cossacks</a></li>
<li><a href="Baikal_Cossacks" title="Baikal Cossacks">Baikal Cossacks</a></li>
<li><a href="Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Pomors" title="Pomors">Pomors</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Circassians" title="Circassians">Adyghe</a>
<ul><li><a href="Bzhedugs" title="Bzhedugs">Bzhedugs</a></li>
<li><a href="Natukhajs" title="Natukhajs">Natukhajs</a></li>
<li><a href="Shapsugs" title="Shapsugs">Shapsugs</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Altai_people" title="Altai people">Altaians</a>
<ul><li><a href="Chelkans" title="Chelkans">Chelkans</a></li>
<li><a href="Telengits" title="Telengits">Telengits</a></li>
<li><a href="Tubalars" title="Tubalars">Tubalars</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Balkars" title="Balkars">Balkars</a></li>
<li><a href="Bashkirs" title="Bashkirs">Bashkirs</a></li>
<li><a href="Buryats" title="Buryats">Buryats</a></li>
<li><a href="Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a>
<ul><li><a href="Aukhs" title="Aukhs">Aukhovite Chechens</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Chukchi_people" title="Chukchi people">Chukchi</a></li>
<li><a href="Chuvash_people" title="Chuvash people">Chuvash</a></li>
<li><a href="Circassians" title="Circassians">Cherkess</a>
<ul><li><a href="Besleney" title="Besleney">Besleney</a></li>
<li><a href="Ademey" title="Ademey">Ademey</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_larger_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia#Indigenous_peoples_of_Dagestan" title="List of larger indigenous peoples of Russia">Indigenous peoples of Dagestan</a></li>
<li><a href="Enets" title="Enets">Enets</a>
<ul><li><a href="Khandeyar" title="Khandeyar">Khandeyar</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Ingush_people" title="Ingush people">Ingush</a></li>
<li><a href="Kabardians" title="Kabardians">Kabardians</a></li>
<li><a href="Kalmyks" title="Kalmyks">Kalmyks</a></li>
<li><a href="Karachays" title="Karachays">Karachays</a></li>
<li><a href="Karelians" title="Karelians">Karelians</a></li>
<li><a href="Khakas" title="Khakas">Khakas</a>
<ul><li><a href="Koibal_people" title="Koibal people">Koibals</a>
<ul><li><a href="Abugach" title="Abugach">Abugach</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Khanty" title="Khanty">Khanty</a></li>
<li><a href="Komi_peoples" title="Komi peoples">Komi</a>
<ul><li><a href="Izhma_Komi" title="Izhma Komi">Izhma Komi</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Komi_peoples" title="Komi peoples">Komi-Permyak</a></li>
<li><a href="Mansi_people" title="Mansi people">Mansi</a></li>
<li><a href="Mari_people" title="Mari people">Mari</a>
<ul><li><a href="Eastern_Mari_people" title="Eastern Mari people">Eastern</a></li>
<li><a href="Hill_Mari_people" title="Hill Mari people">Hill</a></li>
<li><a href="Meadow_Mari_people" title="Meadow Mari people">Meadow</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Mordvins" title="Mordvins">Mordvins</a>
<ul><li><a href="Mokshas" title="Mokshas">Mokshas</a></li>
<li><a href="Erzyas" title="Erzyas">Erzyas</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Ossetians" title="Ossetians">Ossetians</a>
<ul><li><a href="Digor_people" title="Digor people">Digors</a></li>
<li><a href="Iron_people" title="Iron people">Irons</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Tuvans" title="Tuvans">Tuvans</a>
<ul><li><a href="Tozhu_Tuvans" title="Tozhu Tuvans">Tozhu Tuvans</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Udmurts" title="Udmurts">Udmurts</a></li>
<li><a href="Volga_Tatars" title="Volga Tatars">Volga Tatars</a>
<ul><li>as <a href="Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Astrakhan_Tatars" title="Astrakhan Tatars">Astrakhan Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Kryashens" title="Kryashens">Kryashens</a></li>
<li><a href="Mishar_Tatars" title="Mishar Tatars">Mishar Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Na%C4%9Fayb%C3%A4k" title="Nağaybäk">Nağaybäks</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Yakuts" title="Yakuts">Yakuts</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_minor_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia" title="List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia">Indigenous<br>peoples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_minor_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia#Far_North" title="List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia">Far North</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Aleuts" title="Aleuts">Aleuts</a></li>
<li><a href="Chukchi_people" title="Chukchi people">Chukchis</a></li>
<li><a href="Chulyms" title="Chulyms">Chulyms</a></li>
<li><a href="Chuvans" title="Chuvans">Chuvans</a></li>
<li><a href="Dolgans" title="Dolgans">Dolgans</a></li>
<li><a href="Enets" title="Enets">Enets</a></li>
<li><a href="Itelmens" title="Itelmens">Itelmens</a></li>
<li><a href="Kamchadals" title="Kamchadals">Kamchadals</a></li>
<li><a href="Kereks" title="Kereks">Kereks</a></li>
<li><a href="Ket_people" title="Ket people">Kets</a></li>
<li><a href="Khanty" title="Khanty">Khanty</a></li>
<li><a href="Koryaks" title="Koryaks">Koryaks</a></li>
<li><a href="Alyutors" title="Alyutors">Alyutors</a>
<ul><li><a href="Apuka" title="Apuka">Apuka</a></li>
<li><a href="Karaga_people" title="Karaga people">Karaga</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Mansi_people" title="Mansi people">Mansi</a></li>
<li><a href="Naukan_people" title="Naukan people">Naukan</a></li>
<li><a href="Nenets" title="Nenets">Nenets</a>
<ul><li><a href="Khandeyar" title="Khandeyar">Khandeyar</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Nganasan_people" title="Nganasan people">Nganasans</a></li>
<li><a href="Selkup_people" title="Selkup people">Selkups</a></li>
<li><a href="Yugh_people" title="Yugh people">Yughs</a></li>
<li><a href="Yukaghir_people" title="Yukaghir people">Yukaghir</a></li>
<li><a href="Siberian_Yupik" title="Siberian Yupik">Yupiks</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Northwest_Russia" title="Northwest Russia">Northwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Izhorians" title="Izhorians">Izhorians</a></li>
<li><a href="S%C3%A1mi_people" title="Sámi people">Sámi</a></li>

<li><a href="Veps_people" title="Veps people">Veps</a></li>
<li><a href="Vots" title="Vots">Vots</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Russian_Far_East#Traditional_ethnic_groups" title="Russian Far East">Far East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Ainu_people" title="Ainu people">Ainus</a></li>
<li><a href="Evenki_people" title="Evenki people">Evenks</a>
<ul><li><a href="Hamnigan" title="Hamnigan">Hamnigans</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Evens" title="Evens">Evens</a></li>
<li><a href="Nanai_people" title="Nanai people">Nanai</a></li>
<li><a href="Negidals" title="Negidals">Negidals</a></li>
<li><a href="Nivkh_people" title="Nivkh people">Nivkhs</a></li>
<li><a href="Oroch_people" title="Oroch people">Orochs</a></li>
<li><a href="Oroks" title="Oroks">Oroks</a></li>
<li><a href="Taz_people" title="Taz people">Taz</a></li>
<li><a href="Udege_people" title="Udege people">Udege</a></li>
<li><a href="Ulch_people" title="Ulch people">Ulchs</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Indigenous_peoples_of_Siberia" title="Indigenous peoples of Siberia">Siberia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Kamasins" title="Kamasins">Kamasins</a></li>
<li><a href="Kumandins" title="Kumandins">Kumandins</a></li>
<li><a href="Shors" title="Shors">Shors</a>
<ul><li><a href="Aba_people" title="Aba people">Aba</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Soyot" title="Soyot">Soyots</a></li>
<li><a href="Siberian_Tatars" title="Siberian Tatars">Siberian Tatars</a>
<ul><li><a href="Baraba_Tatars" title="Baraba Tatars">Baraba Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Chat_Tatars" title="Chat Tatars">Chat Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Eushta_Tatars" title="Eushta Tatars">Eushta Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Kalmak_Tatars" title="Kalmak Tatars">Kalmak Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Siberian_Bukharans" title="Siberian Bukharans">Siberian Bukharans</a></li>
<li><a href="Zabolotnie_Tatars" title="Zabolotnie Tatars">Zabolotnie Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Tyumen-Tura_Tatars" title="Tyumen-Tura Tatars">Tyumen-Tura Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Tobol_Tatars" title="Tobol Tatars">Tobol Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Kurdak-Sargat_Tatars" title="Kurdak-Sargat Tatars">Kurdak-Sargat Tatars</a></li>
<li><a href="Tara_Tatars" title="Tara Tatars">Tara Tatars</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Teleuts" title="Teleuts">Teleuts</a></li>
<li><a href="Tofalar" title="Tofalar">Tofalars</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Dagestan#Ethnic_groups" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Abazins" title="Abazins">Abazins</a></li>
<li><a href="Aghul_people" title="Aghul people">Aghuls</a></li>
<li><a href="Aukhs" title="Aukhs">Aukhovite Chechens</a></li>
<li><a href="Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a></li>
<li><a href="Akhvakh_people" title="Akhvakh people">Akhvakhs</a></li>
<li><a href="Andi_people" title="Andi people">Andis</a></li>
<li><a href="Archi_people" title="Archi people">Archis</a></li>
<li><a href="Bagvalal_people" title="Bagvalal people">Bagvalals</a></li>
<li><a href="Bezhta_people" title="Bezhta people">Bezhtas</a></li>
<li><a href="Botlikh_people" title="Botlikh people">Botlikhs</a></li>
<li><a href="Chamalal_people" title="Chamalal people">Chamalals</a></li>
<li><a href="Godoberi_people" title="Godoberi people">Godoberi</a></li>
<li><a href="Hinukh_people" title="Hinukh people">Hinukhs</a></li>
<li><a href="Hunzib_people" title="Hunzib people">Hunzibs</a></li>
<li><a href="Karata_people" title="Karata people">Karatas</a></li>
<li><a href="Khwarshi_people" title="Khwarshi people">Khwarshi</a></li>
<li><a href="Tindi_people" title="Tindi people">Tindis</a></li>
<li><a href="Tsez_people" title="Tsez people">Tsez</a></li>
<li><a href="Dagestani_Azerbaijanis" title="Dagestani Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a></li>
<li><a href="Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a>
<ul><li><a href="Kaitags" title="Kaitags">Kaitags</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a></li>
<li><a href="Laks_(Caucasus)" title="Laks (Caucasus)">Laks</a></li>
<li><a href="Lezgins" title="Lezgins">Lezgins</a></li>
<li><a href="Nogais" title="Nogais">Nogais</a>
<ul><li><a href="Ak_Nogai" title="Ak Nogai">Ak Nogai</a></li>
<li><a href="Karagash" title="Karagash">Karagash</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutulians</a></li>
<li><a href="Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people">Tabasarans</a></li>
<li><a href="Talysh_people" title="Talysh people">Talysh</a></li>
<li><a href="Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tats</a></li>
<li><a href="Tsakhur_people" title="Tsakhur people">Tsakhurs</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_minor_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia#Other" title="List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia">Other</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Besermyan" title="Besermyan">Besermyan</a></li>
<li><a href="Oirats" title="Oirats">Oirats</a></li>
<li><a href="Tver_Karelians" title="Tver Karelians">Tver Karelians</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other ethnic peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Abkhazians" title="Abkhazians">Abkhaz</a></li>
<li><a href="Afghans_in_Russia" title="Afghans in Russia">Afghans</a></li>
<li><a href="Arabs_in_the_Caucasus" title="Arabs in the Caucasus">Arabs</a></li>
<li><a href="Armenians_in_Russia" title="Armenians in Russia">Armenians</a>
<ul><li><a href="Cherkesogai" title="Cherkesogai">Cherkesogai</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Assyrians_in_Russia" title="Assyrians in Russia">Assyrians</a></li>
<li><a href="Azerbaijanis_in_Russia" title="Azerbaijanis in Russia">Azerbaijanis</a></li>
<li><a href="Belarusians_in_Russia" title="Belarusians in Russia">Belarusians</a></li>
<li><a href="Anglo-Russians" title="Anglo-Russians">Britons</a>
<ul><li><a href="Scottish_Russians" title="Scottish Russians">Scots</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Bukharan_Jews" title="Bukharan Jews">Bukharan Jews</a></li>
<li><a href="Crimean_Karaites" title="Crimean Karaites">Crimean Karaites</a></li>
<li><a href="Dungan_people" title="Dungan people">Dungans</a>
<ul></ul></li>
<li>Finns
<ul><li><a href="Ingrian_Finns" title="Ingrian Finns">Ingrian Finns</a></li>
<li><a href="Murmansk_Finns" title="Murmansk Finns">Murmansk Finns</a></li>
<li><a href="Siberian_Finns" title="Siberian Finns">Siberian Finns</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Gagauz_people" title="Gagauz people">Gagauz</a></li>
<li><a href="Georgians_in_Russia" title="Georgians in Russia">Georgians</a>
<ul><li><a href="Adjarians" title="Adjarians">Adjarians</a></li>
<li><a href="Ingiloy_people" title="Ingiloy people">Ingiloy</a></li>
<li><a href="Laz_people" title="Laz people">Laz</a></li>
<li><a href="Mingrelians" title="Mingrelians">Mingrelians</a></li>
<li><a href="Svans" title="Svans">Svans</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Georgian_Jews" title="Georgian Jews">Georgian Jews</a></li>
<li><a href="Russia_Germans" title="Russia Germans">Germans</a>
<ul><li><a href="Russian_Mennonites" title="Russian Mennonites">Mennonites</a></li>
<li><a href="Volga_Germans" title="Volga Germans">Volga Germans</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Greeks_in_Russia_and_Ukraine" title="Greeks in Russia and Ukraine">Greeks</a>
<ul><li><a href="Urums" title="Urums">Urums</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Ethnic_Chinese_in_Russia" title="Ethnic Chinese in Russia">Han</a></li>
<li><a href="Hemshin_people" title="Hemshin people">Hamshenis</a></li>
<li><a href="Indians_in_Russia" title="Indians in Russia">Indians</a></li>
<li><a href="Iranians_in_Russia" title="Iranians in Russia">Iranians</a></li>
<li><a href="Irish_Russians" title="Irish Russians">Irish</a></li>
<li><a href="Japanese_people_in_Russia" title="Japanese people in Russia">Japanese</a></li>
<li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia" title="History of the Jews in Russia">Jews</a></li>
<li><a href="Kazakhs_in_Russia" title="Kazakhs in Russia">Kazakhs</a>
<ul><li><a href="Astrakhan_Kazakhs" title="Astrakhan Kazakhs">Astrakhan Kazakhs</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Koryo-saram" title="Koryo-saram">Koreans</a>
<ul><li><a href="North_Koreans_in_Russia" title="North Koreans in Russia">North Koreans</a></li>
<li><a href="Sakhalin_Koreans" title="Sakhalin Koreans">Sakhalin Koreans</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Krymchaks" title="Krymchaks">Krymchaks</a></li>
<li><a href="Kurds_in_Russia" title="Kurds in Russia">Kurds</a></li>
<li><a href="Kyrgyz_people" title="Kyrgyz people">Kyrgyz</a></li>
<li><a href="Latvians_in_Russia" title="Latvians in Russia">Latvians</a>
<ul><li><a href="Latgalians_(modern)" title="Latgalians (modern)">Latgalians</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Lithuanians_in_Russia" title="Lithuanians in Russia">Lithuanians</a></li>
<li><a href="Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Meskhetian Turks</a></li>
<li><a href="Moldovans_in_Russia" title="Moldovans in Russia">Moldovans</a></li>
<li><a href="Mountain_Jews" title="Mountain Jews">Mountain Jews</a></li>
<li><a href="Mugat_Ghorbati#Mugat_in_Russia" title="Mugat Ghorbati">Mugat</a></li>
<li><a href="Kola_Norwegians" title="Kola Norwegians">Kola Norwegians</a></li>
<li><a href="Pamiris" title="Pamiris">Pamiris</a></li>
<li><a href="Polish_minority_in_Russia" title="Polish minority in Russia">Poles</a></li>
<li><a href="Romani_people_in_Russia" title="Romani people in Russia">Roma</a>
<ul><li><a href="Ruska_Roma" title="Ruska Roma">Ruska Roma</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Rusyns" title="Rusyns">Rusyns</a></li>
<li><a href="Serbs_in_Russia" title="Serbs in Russia">Serbs</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss_emigration_to_Russia" title="Swiss emigration to Russia">Swiss</a></li>
<li><a href="Ural_Swedes" title="Ural Swedes">Ural Swedes</a></li>
<li><a href="Turks_in_Russia" title="Turks in Russia">Turks</a></li>
<li><a href="Udi_people" title="Udi people">Udis</a></li>
<li><a href="Ukrainians_in_Russia" title="Ukrainians in Russia">Ukrainians</a></li>
<li><a href="Uzbeks_in_Russia" title="Uzbeks in Russia">Uzbeks</a></li>
<li><a href="Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a></li>
<li><a href="Vietnamese_people_in_Russia" title="Vietnamese people in Russia">Vietnamese</a></li>
<li><a href="Yazidism_in_Russia" title="Yazidism in Russia">Yazidis</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unrecognized peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Afro-Russians" title="Afro-Russians">Africans</a>
<ul><li><a href="Afro-Abkhazians" title="Afro-Abkhazians">Afro-Abkhazians</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Ainu_in_Russia" title="Ainu in Russia">Ainus</a></li>
<li><a href="Armeno-Tats" title="Armeno-Tats">Armeno-Tats</a></li>
<li><a href="Astrakhan_Jews" title="Astrakhan Jews">Astrakhan Jews</a></li>
<li><a href="Buzava" title="Buzava">Buzava</a></li>
<li><a href="Caucasus_Greeks" title="Caucasus Greeks">Caucasus Greeks</a></li>
<li><a href="Italians_of_Crimea" title="Italians of Crimea">Crimean Italians</a></li>
<li><a href="Siberian_Ingrian_Finnish" title="Siberian Ingrian Finnish">Korlaks</a></li>
<li><a href="Pontic_Greeks" title="Pontic Greeks">Pontic Greeks</a></li>
<li><a href="Qaratay" title="Qaratay">Qaratay</a></li>
<li><a href="Sireniks" title="Sireniks">Sireniki</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Assimilated peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Agrizhan" title="Agrizhan">Agrizhan</a></li>
<li><a href="Asan_people" title="Asan people">Asans</a></li>
<li><a href="Arin_people" title="Arin people">Arins</a></li>
<li><a href="Chud" title="Chud">Chud</a></li>
<li><a href="Kott_people" title="Kott people">Kotts</a></li>
<li><a href="Volga_Finns#Muroma" title="Volga Finns">Muroma</a></li>
<li><a href="Meryans" title="Meryans">Merya</a></li>
<li><a href="Meshchera_people" title="Meshchera people">Meshchera</a></li>
<li><a href="Pumpokol_people" title="Pumpokol people">Pumpokols</a></li>
<li><a href="Siberian_Bukharans" title="Siberian Bukharans">Siberian Bukharans</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=Russia&amp;#124;link=Russia_Ancestry_in_Russia458" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="23x15px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=Russia&amp;#124;link=Russia_Ancestry_in_Russia458" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Russia" title="Russia"></a></span></span> Ancestry in Russia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Afro-Russians" title="Afro-Russians">Afro-Russians</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Afghans_in_Russia" title="Afghans in Russia">Afghans</a></li>
<li><a href="Armenians_in_Russia" title="Armenians in Russia">Armenians</a></li>
<li><a href="Assyrians_in_Russia" title="Assyrians in Russia">Assyrians</a></li>
<li><a href="Azerbaijanis_in_Russia" title="Azerbaijanis in Russia">Azerbaijanis</a></li>
<li><a href="Ethnic_Chinese_in_Russia" title="Ethnic Chinese in Russia">Chinese</a>
<ul><li><a href="Dungan_people" title="Dungan people">Dungans</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Georgians_in_Russia" title="Georgians in Russia">Georgians</a></li>
<li><a href="Indians_in_Russia" title="Indians in Russia">Indians</a></li>
<li><a href="Iranians_in_Russia" title="Iranians in Russia">Iranians</a></li>
<li><a href="Japanese_people_in_Russia" title="Japanese people in Russia">Japanese</a></li>
<li><a href="Kazakhs_in_Russia" title="Kazakhs in Russia">Kazakhs</a></li>
<li>Koreans
<ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="Koryo-saram" title="Koryo-saram">Koryo-saram</a></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="Sakhalin_Koreans" title="Sakhalin Koreans">Sakhalin</a></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="North_Koreans_in_Russia" title="North Koreans in Russia">North Koreans</a></span></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Kurds_in_Russia" title="Kurds in Russia">Kurds</a>
<ul><li><a href="Yazidism_in_Russia" title="Yazidism in Russia">Yazidi</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Nepalis_in_Russia" title="Nepalis in Russia">Nepalis</a></li>
<li><a href="Turks_in_Russia" title="Turks in Russia">Turks</a></li>
<li><a href="Uzbeks_in_Russia" title="Uzbeks in Russia">Uzbeks</a></li>
<li><a href="Vietnamese_people_in_Russia" title="Vietnamese people in Russia">Vietnamese</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Belarusians_in_Russia" title="Belarusians in Russia">Belarusians</a></li>
<li>British
<ul><li><a href="Anglo-Russians" title="Anglo-Russians">English</a></li>
<li><a href="Scottish_Russians" title="Scottish Russians">Scottish</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Siberian_Finns" title="Siberian Finns">Finns</a></li>
<li><a href="Russia_Germans" title="Russia Germans">Germans</a>
<ul><li><a href="History_of_Germans_in_Russia%2C_Ukraine%2C_and_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of Germans in Russia, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union">history</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Greeks_in_Russia_and_Ukraine" title="Greeks in Russia and Ukraine">Greeks</a></li>
<li><a href="Irish_Russians" title="Irish Russians">Irish</a></li>
<li><a href="Latvians_in_Russia" title="Latvians in Russia">Latvians</a></li>
<li><a href="Lithuanians_in_Russia" title="Lithuanians in Russia">Lithuanians</a></li>
<li><a href="Moldovans_in_Russia" title="Moldovans in Russia">Moldovans</a></li>
<li><a href="Kola_Norwegians" title="Kola Norwegians">Norwegians</a></li>
<li><a href="Polish_minority_in_Russia" title="Polish minority in Russia">Poles</a></li>
<li><a href="Serbs_in_Russia" title="Serbs in Russia">Serbs</a></li>
<li><a href="Ural_Swedes" title="Ural Swedes">Swedes</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss_emigration_to_Russia" title="Swiss emigration to Russia">Swiss</a></li>
<li><a href="Ukrainians_in_Russia" title="Ukrainians in Russia">Ukrainians</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia" title="History of the Jews in Russia">Jews</a></li><li><a href="Romani_people_in_Russia" title="Romani people in Russia">Romani</a> (<a href="Ruska_Roma" title="Ruska Roma">Ruska Roma</a>)</li><li><a href="Demographics_of_Russia" title="Demographics of Russia">Demographics</a></li><li><a href="Ethnic_groups_in_Russia" title="Ethnic groups in Russia">Ethnic groups</a></li><li><a href="Immigration_to_Russia" title="Immigration to Russia">Immigration</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-17" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Setos&amp;oldid=1301037876">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.
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